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Bleeding on probing which is also known as bleeding gums or gingival bleeding is a term used by dentists and dental hygienists when referring to bleeding that is induced by gentle manipulation of the tissue at the depth of the gingival sulcus, or interface between the gingiva and a tooth. Bleeding on probing, often abbreviated BOP, is a sign of inflammation and indicates some sort of destruction and erosion to the lining of the sulcus〔Fermin A. Carranza. CARRANZA'S CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, 9th edition, 2002. page 447〕 or the ulceration of sulcular epithelium.〔 The blood comes from lamina propria after the ulceration of the lining.〔''(Gingival bleeding )'' URL assessed on November 21, 2009〕 ==Causes== There are many possible causes of gingival bleeding. The main cause of gingival bleeding is the formation and accumulation of plaque at the gum line due to improper brushing and flossing of teeth. The hardened form of plaque is called tartar. An advanced form of gingivitis as a result of formation of plaque is periodontitis. Other causes that can exacerbate gingival bleeding include:〔''(MedlinePlus: Bleeding gums )'' URL assessed on November 21, 2009〕 * placement of new dentures * tooth or gum infection * diabetes mellitus〔Charles R. Craig, Robert E. Stitzel (2004) In ''(Modern Pharmacology with clinical applications (Edition 6) )''. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 506. ISBN 0-7817-3762-1. Google Book Search. Retrieved on November 21, 2009.〕 * idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura * leukemia * malnutrition * use of aspirin and anticoagulants(blood thinners) such as warfarin and heparin〔''(Howstuffworks Bleeding gums )'' URL assessed on November 21, 2009〕 * hormonal imbalances during puberty and pregnancy * iron overload Other less common causes are: * vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) and vitamin K deficiency * dengue fever〔''Hayes, E. B.; Gubler, D. J. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J., 1992, 11, 311- 317.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bleeding on probing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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